Method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving control information in a broadcasting/communication system

ABSTRACT

A method and an apparatus for encoding, transmitting, and receiving signaling information in a broadcasting/communication system are provided. The method includes generating the signaling information which comprises a plurality of pieces; determining a number of coded blocks to which the signaling information is to be encoded, based on a number of bits of the signaling information and a number of encoder input information bit; segmenting each piece of the signaling information based on the number of the coded blocks; constructing input information bits of each coded block to include segmented parts of each piece of the signaling information; encoding the input information bits to each coded block; and transmitting each coded block.

PRIORITY

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.13/430,119, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,976,902, which was filed on Mar. 26,2012 and claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(a) to Korean PatentApplication Serial No. 10-2011-0027239, which was filed in the KoreanIntellectual Property Office on Mar. 25, 2011, and a Korean PatentApplication Serial No. 10-2012-0005947, which was filed in the KoreanIntellectual Property Office on Jan. 18, 2012, the content of each ofwhich is incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates generally to a method and an apparatus fortransmitting and receiving control information in abroadcasting/communication system, and more particularly, to a methodand an apparatus for transmitting and receiving the control informationin the broadcasting/communication system using a Low Density ParityCheck (LDPC) code.

2. Description of the Related Art

FIG. 1 illustrates a frame used in a conventionalbroadcasting/communication system.

Referring to FIG. 1, a frame 101 including control information istransmitted and received in a broadcasting/communication system. Theframe 101 includes a preamble 102, Layer 1 (L1) signaling 103, and data104. Herein, the control information can be transmitted in the preamble102 and the L1 signaling 103. The preamble 102 is a signal used toacquire time and frequency synchronization, frame boundarysynchronization, etc., of a receiver.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, the data 104 includes Physical Layer Pipes(PLPs) 108, 109, and 110. Different modulation schemes and code ratescan be independently used for PLPs, respectively.

The L1 signaling 103 indicates where an L1 signal is transmitted, andincludes L1-pre information 105, L1 configurable information 106, and L1dynamic information 107. The L1 configurable information 106 and the L1dynamic information 107 are referred to as L1-post signaling information120. Also, the L1 configurable information 106 may be referred to asconfigurable L1-post signaling, and the L1 dynamic information 107 maybe referred to as dynamic L1-post signaling.

The L1-pre information 105 includes information that rarely changes inthe time domain, such as a cell identifier, a network identifier, thenumber of radio frequencies, the length of frames, and the position of apilot subcarrier. The L1 configurable information 106 includesinformation that changes more often than the L1-pre information 105.Examples of the L1 configurable information 106 include a PLPidentifier, a modulation scheme employed to transmit each PLP, and coderate information.

In FIG. 1, the L1 dynamic information 107 includes information that maychange in each frame, such as information on a position at which eachPLP transmitting service data is transmitted in a current frame (i.e.,information on positions at which each PLP transmitting service datastarts and ends in a current frame).

Additionally, the L1-post signaling information 120 may includeinformation other than the L1 post configurable information 106 and thedynamic information 107. For example, the L1-post signaling information120 may include extension information, a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC),which is an error check code, and L1 padding. For example, use of theCRC has been described in “Peterson, W. W. and Brown, D. T. (January1961). “Cyclic Codes for Error Detection” Proceedings of the IRE 49:228. doi:10.1109/JRPROC.1961.287814.”

The PLP 1 108, the PLP 2 109, and the PLP N 110 are service data, eachof which transmits at least one broadcasting service channel. The PLP 1108, the PLP 2 109, and the PLP N 110 include the actual broadcast data.

Referring to FIG. 1, a receiver that has acquired synchronization of theframe 101 through the preamble 102, obtains information including ascheme in which data is transmitted, the length of frames, etc., throughthe L1 signaling information 103. The receiver then receives therelevant data through the PLPs 108 to 110 based on the obtainedinformation.

As described above, when control information such as signalinginformation is transmitted in the broadcasting/communication system, theperformance of encoding of the control information must be better thanthe performance of encoding of data information. Therefore, there is aneed for an efficient encoding method of the signaling information andan efficient decoding method thereof.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Accordingly, the present invention has been designed to address at leastthe above-described problems occurring in the prior art, and to provideat least the following advantages.

An aspect of the present invention is to provide an encoding method thatincreases performance of decoding of control information.

Another aspect of the present invention is to provide an encoding methodfor increasing performance of decoding of L1-post signaling information.

Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a method and anapparatus for transmitting and receiving control information in abroadcasting/communication system.

In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, a method fortransmitting signaling information in a broadcasting/communicationsystem is provided. The method includes generating the signalinginformation which comprises a plurality of pieces; determining a numberof coded blocks to which the signaling information is to be encoded,based on a number of bits of the signaling information and a number ofencoder input information bits; segmenting each piece of the signalinginformation based on the number of the coded blocks; constructing inputinformation bits of each coded block to include segmented parts of eachpiece of the signaling information; encoding the input information bitsto each coded block; and transmitting each coded block.

In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a method forreceiving signaling information in a broadcasting/communication systemis provided. The method includes receiving coded blocks of the signalinginformation; acquiring a number of bits of the signaling information ora number of the coded blocks of the signaling information; decoding thecoded blocks; extracting segmented signaling information bits includedin the decoded coded blocks; and restoring the extracted segmentedsignaling information bits to a state before being segmented.

In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, an apparatusfor transmitting signaling information in a broadcasting/communicationsystem is provided. The apparatus includes a layer 1 (L1) signalinginformation generator for generating the signaling information whichcomprises a plurality of pieces; a controller for determining a numberof coded blocks to which the signaling information is to be encoded,based on a number of bits of the signaling information and a number ofencoder input information bits; an encoder for segmenting each piece ofthe signaling information based on the number of the coded blocks,constructing input information bits of each coded block to includesegmented parts of each piece of the signaling information, and encodingthe input information bits to each coded block; and a transmitter fortransmitting each encoded block.

In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, an apparatusfor receiving signaling information in a broadcasting/communicationsystem is provided. The apparatus includes a receiver for receivingcoded blocks of the signaling information; a decoder for decoding thecoded blocks; a controller for acquiring a number of bits of thesignaling information or a number of the coded blocks of the signalinginformation, and extracting segmented signaling in formation bitsincluded in the decoded coded blocks; and a reassembler for reassemblingthe segmented signaling information bits to a state before beingsegmented.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and other aspects, features, and advantages of the presentinvention will be more apparent from the following detailed descriptiontaken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates a frame used in a conventionalbroadcasting/communication system;

FIG. 2 illustrates conventional segmented control information in abroadcasting/communication system;

FIG. 3 illustrates a method for segmenting control information andgenerating encoder input information bits according to an embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 4 illustrates a method for generating encoder input informationbits without segmenting control information according to an embodimentof the present invention;

FIG. 5 illustrates a method for constructing input information bitsinput to an encoder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 illustrates information hits that are input to an encoderaccording to an embodiment of the present invention input;

FIGS. 7 and 8 illustrate information bits that are input to an encoderaccording to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 illustrates information bits that are input to an encoderaccording to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a method for encoding andtransmitting control information by a transmission apparatus accordingto an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a method for receiving controlinformation by a reception apparatus according to an embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating a transmission apparatusaccording to an embodiment the present invention; and

FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating a reception apparatus accordingto an embodiment the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

Various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detailbelow with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the followingdescription and the accompanying drawings, a detailed description ofpublicly-known functions and configurations will be omitted to avoidunnecessarily obscuring the subject matter of the present invention.

Although embodiments of the present invention will be described belowusing LDPC encoding, the present invention is also applicable to othertypes of encoding.

FIG. 2 illustrates conventional segmented control information in abroadcasting/communication system. Specifically, FIG. 2 illustratesencoding L1 configurable information 208 and L1 dynamic information 209corresponding to the L1-post signaling information included in the L1signaling information.

Referring to FIG. 2, because the L1 configurable information 208includes information does not change in each frame, but may changesometimes, L1 configurable information in a K^(th) frame may beidentical to L1 configurable information in a (K+1)^(th) frame. When theL1 configurable information included in the K^(th) frame is identical tothe L1 configurable information included in the (K+1)^(th) frame, uponreceiving the (K+1)^(th) frame, a receiver may previously know L1configurable information included in the (K+1)^(th) frame through L1configurable information included in the already-received K^(th) frame.Therefore, the receiver can improve the performance of decoding of L1dynamic information included in the (K+1)^(th) frame by using thepreviously-known L1 configurable information.

More specifically, because the receiver receives the L1 configurableinformation included in the K^(th) frame and the same L1 configurableinformation is transmitted in the (K+1)^(th) frame, when the receiverdecodes the (K+1)^(th) frame, the receiver already knows the L1configurable information included in the (K+1)^(th).

Further, even when the receiver fails to decode the K^(th) frame, thereceiver can improve the performance of decoding of L1 configurableinformation and L1 dynamic information of the (K+1)^(th) frame by usingthe L1 configurable information received in the K^(th) frame. Forexample, when the L1 configurable information of the K^(th) frame isidentical to the L1 configurable information of the (K+1)^(th) frame,the receiver may use an acquired Log Likelihood Ratio (LLR) value todecode the (K+1)^(th) frame, even though the receiver fails to decodethe L1 configurable information included in the K^(th) frame.

When using an LDPC code, an encoder encodes only information bits, thenumber of which is smaller than a predetermined number of inputinformation bits (an encoding unit; the number of input information bitscorresponding to the input size of the encoder). Therefore, in an LDPCencoding scheme, when the number of input information bits is greaterthan a predetermined number of information bits, the input informationbits are segmented. Herein, information input to an encoder is referredto as “input information bits,” and a codeword that is output afterencoding by the encoder is referred to as a “coded block.”

Referring to FIG. 2, the L1 configurable information 208 and the L1dynamic information 209, which have variable lengths and correspond toL1-post signaling information having a size of “a,” are segmented intotwo coded blocks. When the number of bits of the L1-post signalinginformation is greater than a predetermined number of encoderinformation bits, the L1-post signaling information is segmented intotwo coded blocks. In this case, first input information bits 210 aregenerated by extracting an a/2 part from the L1-post signalinginformation, and second input information bits 212 are generated byextracting a remaining a/2 from the L1-post signaling information. Thefirst input information bits 210 include L1 configurable information₁(configurable₁) 210, which is a part of the L1 configurable information208. Namely, the first input information bits 210 include only the L1configurable information 208. Also, the second input information bits212 include L1 configurable information₂ (L1 configurable₂) 211, whichis a part of the L1 configurable information 208, and the L1 dynamicinformation (L1 dynamic) 209.

It is assumed that the L1 configurable information 208 included in theK^(th) frame is identical to the L1 configurable information 208included in the (K+1)^(th) frame. Accordingly, when the receiverreceives the K^(th) frame and succeeds in decoding the L1 configurableinformation 208, there is an advantage in that the receiver then doesnot have to decode a first coded block including the first inputinformation bits 210 in the (K+1)^(th) frame. However, a second codedblock including the second input information bits 212 includes only theL1 configurable information₂ (configurable₂) 211, which is a part of theL1 configurable information 208. Accordingly, although the receiverknows the L1 configurable information 208, the number of bits of theknown information is not large enough for the receiver to significantlyimprove the performance of decoding of the L1 dynamic information 209.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, L1configurable information 208, as illustrated in FIG. 2, is included ineach of the first input information bits and the second inputinformation bits.

Additionally, in an LDPC encoding scheme, the decoding performance ofinformation located at a front part of encoder input information bits isoften better than the decoding performance of information located at arear part of the encoder input information bits. Therefore, when theLDPC is used, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention,it is desirable to locate L1 dynamic information, i.e., information thatmay change in each frame, at a front part of input information bits inorder to improve decoding performance of the receiver.

FIG. 3 illustrates a method for segmenting control information andgenerating encoder input information bits according to an embodiment ofthe present invention. Specifically, in FIG. 3, a segmentation value isequal to 2, which implies that L1 signaling information (particularly,L1-post signaling information) to be encoded is divided into first inputinformation bits and second input information bits according to anencoding unit corresponding to the input size of the encoder, and thefirst input information bits and the second input information bits areinput to the encoder. Therefore, when a segmentation value is equal to2, input information bits encoded by the encoder are divided into twocoded blocks, and then the two coded blocks are output from the encoder.

Referring to FIG. 3, L1 configurable information 301 is segmented intotwo parts, i.e., L1 configurable information₁ (L1 configurable₁) 303 andL1 configurable information₂ (L1 configurable₂) 304, according to thesegmentation value 2. Additionally, L1 dynamic information 302 is alsoseparated into two parts, i.e., L1 dynamic information₁ (L1 dynamic₁)305 and L1 dynamic information₂ (L1 dynamic₂) 306, according to thesegmentation value of 2.

Further, a transmitter constructs first encoder input information bits310 from the separated L1 configurable information₁ (L1 configurable)303 and the L1 dynamic information (L1 dynamic₁) 305, and constructssecond encoder input information bits 320 from the L1 configurableinformation₂ (L1 configurable₂) 304 and the L1 dynamic information₂ (L1dynamic₂) 306. The transmitter first inputs each of the first encoderinput information bits 310 and the second encoder input information bits320 to an LDPC encoder to generate two coded blocks. In the first inputinformation bits 310, the L1 dynamic information 305 is arranged infront of the L1 configurable information₁ 303. Similarly, in the secondinput information bits 320, the L1 dynamic information₂ 306 is arrangedin front of the L1 configurable information₂ 304.

Alternatively, the L1 dynamic information and L1 configurableinformation may exchange positions with each other. For example, the L1configurable information₁ 303 may be arranged in front of the L1 dynamicinformation₁ 305, and the L1 configurable information₂ 304 may bearranged in front of the L1 dynamic information₂ 306.

Additionally, it is also possible to arrange the L1 dynamic information302 in front of the L1 configurable information 301 even a when encoderinput information bits are not segmented. Namely, even when the lengthof the L1-post signaling information is less than a predetermined numberof the LDPC encoder information bits, and thus, segmenting the L1-postsignaling information is not required, the L1 dynamic information 302may still be arranged in front of the L1 configurable information 301.

FIG. 4 illustrates a method for constructing LDPC encoder inputinformation bits without segmenting L1-post signaling informationaccording to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4, when LDPC encoder input information bits areconstructed by including L1 configurable information 410 and L1 dynamicinformation 411, if the performance of decoding of bits located at afront part of the input information bits is better than the performanceof decoding of bits located at a rear part of the input informationbits, the input information bits are constructed by arranging the L1dynamic information 411 in front of the L1 configurable information 410,as denoted by reference numeral 420.

FIG. 5 illustrates a method for constructing input information bits thatare input to an encoder according to an embodiment of the presentinvention. Specifically, FIG. 5 illustrates that multiple pieces ofcontrol information included in L1-post signaling information aresegmented according to a segmentation value of 2.

Referring to FIG. 5, L1-post signaling 550, which is input to theencoder, includes L1 configurable information 500, L1 dynamicinformation 500, L1 dynamic information of the current frame (or‘dynamic, current frame’ or ‘dynamic L-post signaling for the currentframe’) 501, and L1 dynamic information of a next frame (or ‘dynamic,next frame’ or ‘dynamic L1-post signaling for the next frame’) 502,which is L1 dynamic information of a frame to be subsequentlytransmitted. Specifically, when a current frame is a K^(th) frame, theL1 dynamic information 502 of a next frame transmitted in the K^(th)frame includes a value identical to L1 dynamic information to betransmitted in a (K+1)^(th) frame. The L1 dynamic information 502 of thenext frame is selective information, and a transmitter may notify areceiver whether there is L1 dynamic information for the next frame,through L1-pre signaling. For example, when a flag L1_REPETITION_FLG inL1-pre signaling has a value of 1, this indicates that there is L1dynamic information for the next frame. However, when L1_REPETITION_FLGhas a value of 0, this indicates that there is no L1 dynamic informationfor the next frame.

Each of the L1 configurable information 500, the L1 dynamic informationof the current frame 501, and the L1 dynamic information of the nextframe 502 is segmented into 2 parts. Specifically, the L1 configurableinformation 500 is divided into L1 configurable information₁ (L1configurable₁) 504 and L1 configurable information₂ (L1 configurable₂)505, as denoted by reference numeral 510. The L1 dynamic information ofthe current frame 501 is divided into L1 dynamic information₁ of thecurrent frame (L1 dynamic₁ of the Current Frame) 506 and L1 dynamicinformation₂ of the current frame (L1 dynamic₂ of the Current Frame)507, as denoted by reference numeral 515. The L1 dynamic information ofthe next frame 502 is divided into L1 dynamic information₁ of the nextframe (L1 dynamic₁ of the Next Frame) 508 and L1 dynamic information, ofthe next frame (L1 dynamic₂ of the Current Frame) 509, as denoted byreference numeral 520.

During encoding, the L1 configurable information₁ 504, the L1 dynamicinformation₁ of the current frame 506, and the L1 dynamic information₁of the next frame 508 are constructed as first input information bits530. Further, the L1 configurable information₂ 505, the L1 dynamicinformation₂ of the current frame 507, and the L1 dynamic information₂of the next frame 509 are constructed as second input information bits535.

The L1 configurable information₁ 504 is arranged at the last part of thefirst input information bits 530, after the L1 dynamic information₁ ofthe current frame 506 and the L1 dynamic information₁ of the next frame508.

Similarly, the L1 configurable information₂ 505 is located at the lastpart of the second input information bits 535, after the L1 dynamicinformation₂ of the current frame 507 and the L1 dynamic information₂ ofthe next frame 509.

The construction the first input information bits 530 and the secondinput information bits 535, as described above, is based decodingperformance of bits located at the front part of the information bitsbeing better, like in LDPC encoding. Accordingly, the actual positioningof the L1 configurable information 500, the L1 dynamic information ofthe current frame 501, and the L1 dynamic information of a next frame502 in the first input information bits 530 and the second inputinformation bits 535 may vary depending decoding performance, e.g.,based on the type of encoding used.

Also, as described above with reference to FIG. 4, even whensegmentation is not required, in consideration of decoding performanceof bits located at the front part of input information bits being betterwhen the LDPC encoding scheme is used, L1 dynamic information of thecurrent frame may be located at the front most part of input informationbits, and L1 configurable information may be located at the last part ofthe input information bits.

Therefore, regardless of whether segmentation is applied, thepositioning of the L1 dynamic information and the L1 configurableinformation may be determined in consideration of encoding performanceof the input information bits by the LDPC encoder. Namely, as describedabove, when the decoding performance of bits located at a rear part ofinput information bits is better than decoding performance of bitslocated at a front part of the input information bits, the L1configurable information may be arranged at a front part of the inputinformation bits, the input information bits, and the L1 dynamicinformation may be arranged a rear part of the input information bits.

Additionally, the L1 configurable information and the L1 dynamicinformation may be encoded/decoded independently of each other.Specifically, when the L1 dynamic information includes L1 dynamicinformation of the current frame and L1 dynamic information of the nextframe, as described above, each of optional dynamic information of thecurrent frame and the L1 dynamic information of the next frame issegmented, and first input information bits corresponding to a unit,which is input to the encoder, is constructed from the segmented L1dynamic information₁ of the current frame and the segmented L1 dynamicinformation₁ of the next frame. Also, second input information bitscorresponding to a unit, which is input to the encoder, is constructedfrom the segmented L1 dynamic information₂ of the current frame and thesegmented L1 dynamic information₂ of the next frame. Further, regardlessof whether segmentation is required, the L1 dynamic information of thecurrent frame is arranged at a front part of input information bits, andthe L1 dynamic information of the next frame is arranged at a rear partof the input information bits.

FIG. 6 illustrates a segmentation of input information bits that areinput to an encoder according to an embodiment of the present inventioninput. In FIG. 6, a segmentation value is N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—)_(Block).

Referring to FIG. 6, L1-post signaling information 650, i.e.,information bits that are input to the encoder, includes L1 configurableinformation 600, L1 dynamic information of the current frame 601, L1dynamic information of the next frame 602, extension information 603,CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) information 604, and L1 padding bits 605.The CRC information 604 includes parity bits of a CRC code, which areceiver uses to determine whether an error has occurred in the L1configurable information 600, the L1 dynamic information of the currentframe 601, the L1 dynamic information of the next frame 602, and theextension information 603. Although not illustrated in FIG. 6, multipleCRCs may be used. Specifically, it will be apparent to those skilled inthe art that the number of the CRCs and positions thereof can bechanged.

The length of the L1 configurable information 600 is K_(L1) _(—)_(conf), the length of the L1 dynamic information of the current frame601 is K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c), the length of the L1 dynamic information ofthe next frame 602 is K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n), the length of the extensioninformation 603 is K_(L1) _(—) _(ext), and the length of the CRC 604 isN_(crc). When K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n), i.e., the length of the L1 dynamicinformation of the next frame 602, is equal to 0, the value of 0indicates that the L1 dynamic information of the next frame 602 is notused. When the K_(L1) _(—) _(ext) is equal to 0, this indicates that theextension information 603 is not used. Similarly, when the N_(crc) isequal to 0, this indicates that a CRC code is not used.

Each of K_(L1) _(—) _(conf), K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c), and K_(L1) _(—)_(dyn,n) may be expressed as a function of a number of PLPs. Otherwise,it is possible to know K_(L1) _(—) _(conf), K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c), andK_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) through predetermined signaling. For example,parameters, each representing a length, such as L1_POST_CONF_SIZErepresenting K_(L1) _(—) _(conf), L1_POST_DYN,CURRENT_SIZE representingK_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c), L1_POST_DYN,NEXT_SIZE representing K_(L1) _(—)_(dyn,n), and L1_POST_EXT_SIZE representing the length of the extensioninformation 603 may be transmitted through the L1-pre information 105.

When a Bose Chaudhuri Hocquenghem (BCH) code is concatenated with anLDPC code and the BCH code concatenated with the LDPC code is used forthe L1 signaling information, and the length of input bits of the BCHcode is K_(bch), N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block), which correspondsto the number of coded blocks of the L1 signaling information, may becalculated using Equation (1) below. Basically, the N_(post) _(—) _(FEC)_(—) _(Block) is the number of multiple pieces of information, intowhich L1 signaling information bits are segmented. When considering theconcatenation of the BCH code with the LDPC code, the number of codedblocks is calculated by using a length K_(bch) of input bits of the BCHcode. However, when only an LDPC code is used, the number of codedblocks may be calculated by using a length K_(ldpc) of input bits of anLDPC code instead of K_(bch).

$\begin{matrix}{N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ block}} = \left\lceil \frac{K_{{post\_ ex}{\_ pad}}}{K_{bch}} \right\rceil} & (1)\end{matrix}$

In Equation (1), K_(post) _(—) _(ex) _(—) _(pad) is a sum of lengths ofthe L1 configurable information 600, the L1 dynamic information of thecurrent frame 601, the L1 dynamic information of the next frame 602, theextension information 603, and the CRC information 604. K_(post) _(—)_(ex) _(—) _(pad)=K_(L1) _(—) _(conf)+K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c)+K_(L1) _(—)_(dyn,n)+K_(L1) _(—) _(ext)+N_(crc). Namely, K_(post) _(—) _(ex) _(—)_(pad) is the number of bits of L1-post signaling excluding a paddingfield. In Equation (1), ┌x┐ represents the smallest integer greater thanx. For example, ┌1.2┐=2.

Based on the K_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block) corresponding to thenumber of coded blocks, K_(pad) corresponding to a length by which zerobits are inserted, may be calculated by using Equation (2) below.

$\begin{matrix}{K_{pad} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{{post\_ ex}{\_ pad}}}{N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}}} - K_{{post\_ ex}{\_ pad}}}} & (2)\end{matrix}$

In Equation (2), ┌x┐ represents the smallest integer greater than x. Forexample, ┌1.2┐=2. The K_(pad) corresponding to a length by which zerobits are inserted, may be omitted.

As described above with reference to FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, when each of theL1 configurable information 600, the L1 dynamic information of thecurrent frame 601, the L1 dynamic information of the next frame 602, theextension information 603, CRC 604, and the L1 padding 605 are segmentedby N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block), the length of each of thesegments may be calculated using Equations (3) to (6) below.

Specifically, a correction factor K_(L1) _(—) _(conf) _(—) _(PAD) forthe L1 configurable information 600, the length of which is K_(L1) _(—)_(conf), may be calculated by using Equation (3). Namely, the K_(L1)_(—) _(conf) _(—) _(PAD) is a correction factor when the length K_(L1)_(—) _(conf) of the L1 configurable information is not a multiple ofN_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block) corresponding to the number of codedblocks for segmentation.

$\begin{matrix}{K_{{L1{\_ conf}}{\_ PAD}} = {K_{L1{\_ conf}} - {\left\lfloor \frac{K_{L1{\_ conf}}}{N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}}} \right\rfloor \times N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}}}}} & (3)\end{matrix}$

In Equation (3), └x┘ represents the largest integer less than x. Forexample, └0.2┘=1. K_(L1) _(—) _(conf) _(—) _(PAD) is a value that causesa length of L1 configurable information_(i) 600 b among i^(th) (i=1, . .. , (N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block)−1)) encoder input informationbits to be └K_(L1) _(—) _(conf)/N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block)┘, andthat causes a length of L1 configurable information 600 c among(N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block))^(th) encoder input information bitsto be └K_(L1) _(—) _(conf)/N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block)┘+K_(L1)_(—) _(conf) _(—) _(PAD).

For example, when K_(L1) _(—) _(conf)=299 and N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—)_(Block)=2, K_(L1) _(—) _(conf) _(—) _(PAD)=299−└299/2┘×2=1.

K_(L1) _(—) _(conf) _(—) _(PAD) having a value of 1 causes a length ofL1 configurable information among first encoder input information bitsto be 149, and causes a length of L1 configurable information₂ amongsecond encoder input information bits to be 149+1=150. These conditionsare intended to prevent additional zero padding.

A length K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c) _(—) _(PAD) of a correction factor for theL1 dynamic information of the current frame 601, the length of which isK_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c), as illustrated in FIG. 6, may be calculated byusing Equation (4). The K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c) _(—) _(PAD) a is acorrection factor when the length K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c) of the L1 dynamicinformation of the current frame 601 is not a multiple of N_(post) _(—)_(FEC) _(—) _(Block) corresponding to the number of coded blocks forsegmentation.

$\begin{matrix}{K_{{L\; 1{\_ {dyn}}},{c\_ PAD}} = {K_{{L\; 1{\_ {dyn}}},c} - {\left\lfloor \frac{K_{{L\; 1{\_ {dyn}}},c}}{N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}}} \right\rfloor \times N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}}}}} & (4)\end{matrix}$

In Equation (4), └x┘ represents the largest integer less than x.

A length K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) _(—) _(PAD) of a correction factor for theL1 dynamic information of the next frame 602, the length of which isK_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n), as illustrated in FIG. 6, may be calculated byusing Equation (5). K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) _(—) _(PAD) is a correctionfactor when the length K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) of the L1 dynamicinformation of the next frame is not a multiple of N_(post) _(—) _(FEC)_(—) _(Block) corresponding to the number of coded blocks forsegmentation.

$\begin{matrix}{K_{{L1{\_ dyn}},{n\_ PAD}} = {K_{{L1{\_ dyn}},n} - {\left\lfloor \frac{K_{{L1{\_ dyn}},n}}{N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}}} \right\rfloor \times N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}}}}} & (5)\end{matrix}$

In Equation (5), └x┘ represents the largest integer less than x.

As described above, the L1 dynamic information of the next frame 602 isnot always used. In this case, it is natural that the K_(L1) _(—)_(dyn,n) should be equal to 0. When each of the extension information603 having the length K_(L1) _(—) _(ext), the CRC 604 having the lengthN_(crc), and the L1 padding 605 having a length K_(pad) is segmentedaccording to N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block), as in Equations (3) to(5), a length K_(L1) _(—) _(ext) _(—) _(PAD) of a correction factor forthe extension information 603+the CRC 604+the L1 padding 605 may becalculated using Equation (6) below.

$\begin{matrix}{K_{{L1\_ ext}{\_ PAD}} = {\left( {K_{L1{\_ ext}} + N_{crc} + K_{post}} \right) - {\left\lfloor \frac{K_{L1{\_ ext}} + N_{crc} + K_{post}}{N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}}} \right\rfloor \times N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}}}}} & (6)\end{matrix}$

In Equation (6), K_(L1) _(—) _(ext) _(—) _(PAD) is a correction factorwhen the sum of the lengths of the extension information 603, the CRC604, and the L1 padding 605 is not a multiple of N_(post) _(—) _(FEC)_(—) _(Block) corresponding to the number of coded blocks forsegmentation, and └x┘ represents the largest integer less than x. Asdescribed above, K_(pad) is not always used, and in this case, K_(pad)is equal to 0. Also, N_(crc) signifies a CRC bit.

A process of calculating K_(sig)(i) corresponding to the number ofi^(th) encoder input information bits 670 using values calculated usingEquations (1) to (6), is defined by Equation (7).

$\begin{matrix}{{K_{sig}(i)} = {\left\lfloor \frac{K_{L1{\_ conf}}}{N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}}} \right\rfloor + \left\lfloor \frac{K_{{L1{\_ dyn}},n}}{N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}}} \right\rfloor + \left\lfloor \frac{K_{{L1{\_ dyn}},n}}{N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}}} \right\rfloor + \left\lfloor \frac{\left( K_{{L1{\_ ext}}\; + N_{crc} + K_{pad}} \right)}{N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}}} \right\rfloor}} & (7)\end{matrix}$

In Equation (7), └x┘ represents the largest integer less than x. Forexample, └1.2┘=1.

The number of (N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block))^(th) encoder inputinformation bits 680 may be calculated by using Equation (8),

$\begin{matrix}{{K_{sig}\left( N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}} \right)} = {\left\lfloor \frac{K_{L1{\_ conf}}}{N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}}} \right\rfloor + \left\lfloor \frac{K_{{L1{\_ dyn}},n}}{N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}}} \right\rfloor + \left\lfloor \frac{K_{{L1{\_ dyn}},n}}{N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}}} \right\rfloor + \left\lfloor \frac{\left( {K_{L1{\_ ext}} + N_{crc} + K_{pad}} \right)}{N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ block}}} \right\rfloor + K_{{L1{\_ conf}}{\_ PAD}} + K_{{L1{\_ dyn}},{n\_ PAD}} + K_{{L1{\_ ext}}{\_ PAD}}}} & (8)\end{matrix}$

In Equation (8), └x┘ represents the largest integer less than x.

Although segmentation is performed above in such a manner that there isa difference in length between K_(sig)(i)(i=1, . . . , (N_(post) _(—)_(FEC) _(—) _(Block)−1)) and K_(sig)(N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—)_(Block)), that segmentation may be performed in such a manner that adifference in length between K_(sig)(i) (i=1, . . . , (N_(post) _(—)_(FEC) _(—) _(Block)−1)) and K_(sig)(N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block))does not occur. Also, as described above, changes in the equations canbe made according to the number of CRCs used and the positioningthereof.

For example, when a CRC code is applied to each of the L1 configurableinformation 600, the dynamic information of the current frame 601, andthe dynamic information of the next frame 602, the K_(L1) _(—) _(conf),the K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c), and the K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) may include thenumber of CRC bits of the L1 configurable information 600, the number ofCRC bits of the dynamic information of the current frame 601, and thenumber of CRC bits of the next frame 602, respectively.

In FIG. 6, reference numeral 690 denotes first encoder input informationbits to (N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block))^(th) encoder inputinformation bits, into which all encoder input information bits denotedby reference numeral 650 are segmented using Equations (1) to (8).Although a segmentation operation is often performed by the encoder,when the encoder includes an interleaver, the interleaver may interleave(segment) all of the segmented encoder input information bits (i.e., L1signaling information).

More specifically, reference numeral 690 denotes that first encoderinput information bits 660 include information bits (segmented L1padding bits) 600 a, 601 a, 602 a, 603 a, 604 a, and 605 a, which areobtained by segmenting the encoder input information bits 600, 601, 602,603, 604, and 605 according to N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block).Reference numeral 690 denotes that j^(th) encoder input information bits670 include information bits 600 b, 601 b, 602 b, 603 b, 604 b, and 605b (which are different from the encoder input information bits 650),which are obtained by segmenting the encoder input information bits 600,601, 602, 603, 604, and 605 according to N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—)_(Block). Reference numeral 690 denotes that (N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—)_(Block))^(th) encoder input information bits 680 include lastsegmentations 600 c, 601 c, 602 c, 603 c, 604 c, and 605 c amonginformation bits, which are obtained by segmenting the encoder inputinformation bits 600, 601, 602, 603, 604, and 605 according to N_(post)_(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block).

Therefore, the receiver which receives the input information bits 690,decodes coded blocks obtained by encoding the encoder input informationbits 660, the encoder input information bits 670, and the encoder inputinformation bits 680. Then, the receiver reassembles, to a state beforebeing segmented, the segmented L1 dynamic information bits of thecurrent frame 601 a, 601 b, and 601 c, the segmented L1 dynamicinformation bits of the next frame 602 a, 602 b, and 602 c, thesegmented L1 configurable information bits 600 a, 600 b, and 600 c, thesegmented extension information bits 603 a, 603 b, and 603 c, thesegmented CRC bits 604 a, 604 b, and 604 c, and the segmented L1 paddingbits 605 a, 605 b, and 605 c. Accordingly, the receiver may restore theoriginal L1-post signaling information.

When a reception apparatus according to an embodiment of the presentinvention knows the length K_(L1) _(—) _(conf) of the L1 configurableinformation 600, the length K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c) of the L1 dynamicinformation of the current frame 601, and the length K_(L1) _(—)_(dyn,n) of the L1 dynamic information of the next frame 602, thereception apparatus may easily restore the L1-post signalinginformation. In this respect, a transmission apparatus according to anembodiment of the present invention may transmit values of K_(L1) _(—)_(conf), K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c) and K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n). Because eachvalue of K_(L1) _(—) _(conf), K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c) and K_(L1) _(—)_(dyn,n) may be expressed as a function of the number of PLPs, if thetransmission apparatus transmits the number of PLPs, the receptionapparatus may restore the L1-post signaling information. Therefore, whenthe transmission apparatus includes NUM_PLP (Number of PLP) informationcorresponding to the number of PLPs, e.g., in the L1-pre information 105illustrated in FIG. 1, the reception apparatus can efficiently receivethe L1-post signaling information.

Even when segmentation is not performed, as illustrated in FIG. 4, ifthe transmission apparatus transmits the number of PLPs, even whentransmitting the L1 dynamic information 411 before the L1 configurableinformation 410, the reception apparatus can use the number of PLPs torestore the L-post signaling information. Also, if L1 dynamicinformation transmitted in a K^(th) frame is identical to L1 dynamicinformation transmitted in a (K+1)^(th) frame, when the receptionapparatus restores the L1-post information in the (K+1)^(th) frame,regardless of whether the reception apparatus succeeds in decoding theL1 dynamic information in the K^(th) frame, the reception apparatus mayuse the L1 dynamic information of the K^(th) frame.

FIGS. 7 and 8 illustrate information bits that are input to an encoderaccording to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 7, L1dynamic information is located after L1 configurable information.

Referring to FIG. 7, a length of L1 configurable information 721 isK_(L1) _(—) _(conf), a length of L1 dynamic information of a currentframe 722 is K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c), a length of L1 dynamic information ofa next frame 723 is K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n), a length of an extension field724 is K_(L1) _(—) _(ext), and a length of CRC 725 is N_(crc).

The length K_(L1) _(—) _(conf) of the L1 configurable information 721may be acquired using a parameter L1_POST_CONF_SIZE, or a number ofPLPs. The parameters (L1_POST_CONF_SIZE or the number of PLPs) can betransmitted in L1-pre signaling alone or together. The length K_(L1)_(—) _(dyn,c) of the L1 dynamic information of the current frame 722 maybe acquired using a parameter L1_POST_DYN,CURRENT_SIZE, or the number ofPLPs. The parameters can be transmitted in L1-pre signaling alone ortogether. The length K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) of the L1 dynamic informationof the next frame 723 may be acquired using a parameterL1_POST_DYN,NEXT_SIZE, or the number of PLPs. The parameters can betransmitted in L1-pre signaling alone or together. The length K_(L1)_(—) _(ext) of the extension field 724 may be acquired using a parameterL1_POST_EXT_SIZE. The length N_(crc) of the CRC 725 may be fixed, e.g.,32.

Referring to FIG. 7, L1-post signaling 720 includes a variable number ofbits, which are transmitted through one or more LDPC blocks according tothe length of the L1-post signaling. The LDPC block has the same meaningas a coded block.

N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block) corresponding to the number of LDPCblocks for the L1-post signaling 720 is determined using Equation (9).

$\begin{matrix}{N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}} = \left\{ \begin{matrix}{If} & {{K_{{post\_ ex}{\_ pad}} \leq K_{bch}},1} \\{{Otherwise},} & \left\lceil \frac{K_{{post\_ ex}{\_ pad}}}{K_{bch} - A} \right\rceil\end{matrix} \right.} & (9)\end{matrix}$

In Equation (9), when K_(bch) is greater than or equal to N_(post) _(—)_(ex) _(—) _(pad), N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block) is equal to 1.However, when K_(bch) is less than K_(post) _(—) _(ex) _(—) _(pad),N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block) is

$\left\lceil \frac{K_{{post\_ ex}{\_ pad}}}{K_{bch} - A} \right\rceil.$

The value of A is a correction factor that causes K_(sig), whichrepresents the number of information bits in a coded block after thesegmentation, to be less than or equal to the K_(bch), and may bechanged according to the number of types of signals that are segmented.For example, when each of the L1 configurable information 721, the L1dynamic information of the current frame 722, the L1 dynamic informationof the next frame 723, and the extension information 724 is segmented,each of the 4 pieces of information is segmented. Accordingly, the valueof A may be 3.

When the L1 dynamic information of the next frame 723 is not used in anyframe, the value of A may be 2, but the value of A may be fixed to 3,for an efficiency of a system.

In Equation (9), ┌x┐ signifies the smallest integer equal to or greaterthan x, and the value of K_(bch) represents the number of BCHinformation bits.

In the above-described case, when concatenating the BCH code with theLDPC code, the number of coded blocks is calculated using a lengthK_(bch) of input bits of the BCH code. However, when only an LDPC codeis used, the number of coded blocks may be calculated using a lengthK_(ldpc) of input bits of an LDPC code instead of K_(bch).

K_(post) _(—) _(ex) _(—) _(pad) is a value which may be obtained byadding the length N_(crc) of the CRC 725 to a sum of parametersL1_POST_CONF_SIZE, L1_POST_DYN,CURRENT_SIZE, L1_POST_DYN,NEXT_SIZE, andL1_POST_EXT_SIZE, which represent the length of the L1 configurableinformation 721, the length of the L1 dynamic information of the currentframe 722, the length of the L1 dynamic information of the next frame723, and the length of the extension field 724, respectively. Also,K_(post) _(—) _(ex) _(—) _(pad) represents the number of bits of L1-postsignaling excluding L1_PADDING 726 corresponding to a padding field. Thelength N_(crc) of the CRC may be determined based on a maximum length ofthe L1-post signaling, e.g., 32. In this case, K_(L1) _(—) _(PADDING)corresponding to the length of a field named L1_PADDING 726 may becalculated using Equation (10) below.

K _(L1) _(—) _(PADDING) =K _(L1) _(—) _(conf) _(—) _(PAD) +K _(L1) _(—)_(dyn,c) _(—) _(PAD) +K _(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) _(—) _(PAD) +K _(L1) _(—)_(ext) _(—) _(PAD)  (10)

In Equation (10), K_(L1) _(—) _(conf) _(—) _(PAD) represents a length ofa padding field of L1 configurable information, K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c)_(—) _(PAD) represents a length of a padding field of L1 dynamicinformation of the current frame, K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) _(—) _(PAD)represents a length of a padding field of L1 dynamic information of thenext frame, and K_(L1) _(—) _(ext) _(—) _(PAD) represents a length of apadding field of the extension field 724 including the CRC 725. Thelength of each of L1_CONF_PAD 727, L1_DYN,C_PAD 728, L1_DYN,N_PAD 729,and L1_EXT_PAD 730, which are padding fields, may be calculated usingEquations (11) to (14) below.

$\begin{matrix}{\mspace{79mu} {K_{{L1{\_ conf}}{\_ PAD}} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{L1{\_ conf}}}{N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}}} - K_{L1{\_ conf}}}}} & (11) \\{\mspace{79mu} {K_{{L1{\_ dyn}},{c\_ PAD}} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{{L1{\_ dyn}},c}}{N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}}} - K_{{L1{\_ dyn}},c}}}} & (12) \\{\mspace{79mu} {K_{{L1{\_ dyn}},{n\_ PAD}} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{{L1{\_ dyn}},n}}{N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}}} - K_{{L1{\_ dyn}},n}}}} & (13) \\{K_{{L1{\_ e}{xt}}{\_ PAD}} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{L1{\_ ext}} + N_{crc}}{N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{post\_ FEC}{\_ Block}}} - \left( K_{{L1{\_ ext}}\; + N_{crc}} \right)}} & (14)\end{matrix}$

In Equations (11) to (14), K_(L1) _(—) _(conf), K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c),K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n), and K_(L1) _(—) _(ext) are values acquired usingparameters L1_POST_CONF_SIZE, L1_POST_DYN,CURRENT_SIZE,L1_POST_DYN,NEXT_SIZE, and L1_POST_EXT_SIZE, respectively. Theseparameters represent the length of L1 configurable information, thelength of L1 dynamic information of the current frame, the length of L1dynamic information of the next frame, and the length of an extensionfield, respectively. N_(crc) corresponds to the number of CRC bits,e.g., 32. When L1_REPETITION_FLAG, which indicates whether the L1dynamic information of the next frame is used, is set to 0, the lengthK_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) of the L1 dynamic information of the next frame is0.

K_(post) corresponding to the final length of the entire L1-postsignaling including a padding field may be defined using Equation (15)below.

K _(post) =K _(post) _(—) _(ex) _(—) _(pad) +K _(L1) _(—)_(PADDING)  (5)

In this case, K_(sig), which corresponds to the number of informationbits in each N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block) block, may be definedusing Equation (16) below.

$\begin{matrix}{K_{sig} = \frac{K_{post}}{N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}}} & (16)\end{matrix}$

As illustrated in FIG. 7, to obtain better performance, the L1configurable information (configurable L1 post signaling) 721, the L1dynamic information of the current frame (dynamic L1 post signaling forthe current frame) 722, and the L1 dynamic information of the next frame(dynamic L1 post signaling for the next frame) 723 are distributed asuniformly as possible in all Forward Error Correction (FEC) blocks.

Specifically, input bits of a first coded block illustrated in FIG. 7include first L1 configurable information (Configurable₁ or Conf_1) 731,first L1 dynamic information of the current frame (Dynamic,currentFrame₁or D,C_1) 732, first L1 dynamic information of the next frame(Dynamic,nextFrame₁ or D,N_1) 733, and a first extension field(Extension₁ or E,C_1) 734. The first L1 configurable information 731includes ┌K_(L1) _(—) _(conf)/N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block)┐ bitsamong bits of the L1 configurable information 710. The first L1 dynamicinformation of the current frame 732 includes ┌K_(L1) _(—)_(dyn,c)/N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block)┐ bits among bits of the L1dynamic information of the current frame 722. The first L1 dynamicinformation of the next frame 733 includes ┌K_(L1) _(—)_(dyn,n)/N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block)┐ bits among bits of the L1dynamic information of the next frame 723. The first extension field 734includes ┌(K_(L1) _(—) _(ext)+N_(crc))/N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—)_(Block)┐ bits among bits of the extension field 724 and bits of the CRC725.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, bits of theextension field 724 of the L1-post signaling and bits of the CRC 725thereof are all included in the first extension field 734 among theinput bits of the first coded block. The above construction is performedby an identical method from the first coded block to the (N_(post) _(—)_(FEC) _(—) _(Block)−1)^(th) coded block.

Information bits in the (N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block))^(th) codedblock include N^(th) configurable information (Configurable_(N) orConf_N) 739, N^(th) L1 dynamic information of the current frame(Dynamic,currentFrame_(N) or D,C_N) 740, N^(th) L1 dynamic informationof the next frame (Dynamic,nextFrame_(N) or D,N_N) 741, an N^(th)extension field (Extension_(N) or E,C_N) 742, and padding fields, suchas L1_CONF_PAD 727, L1_DYN,C_PAD 728, L1_DYN,N_PAD 729, andL1_EXT_PAD_730. The N^(th) configurable information 739 includes(┌K_(L1) _(—) _(conf)/N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block)┐−K_(L1) _(—)_(conf) _(—) _(PAD)) bits among bits of the configurable information710. The N^(th) L1 dynamic information of the current frame 740 includes(┌K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c)/N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block)┐−K_(L1) _(—)_(dyn,c) _(—) _(PAD)) bits among bits of the L1 dynamic information ofthe current frame 722. The N^(th) L1 dynamic information of the nextframe 741 includes (┌K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n)/N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—)_(Block)┐−K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) _(—) _(PAD)) bits among bits of the L1dynamic information of the next frame 723. An N^(th) extension field 742includes (┌(K_(L1) _(—) _(ext)+N_(crc))/N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—)_(Block)┐−K_(L1) _(—) _(ext) _(—) _(PAD)) bits among bits of theextension field 724 and bits of the CRC 725.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, bits of theextension field 724 of the L1-post signaling and bits of the CRC 725thereof are all included in the first extension field 734 among theinput bits of the first coded block, K_(L1) _(—) _(ext) _(—) _(PAD) isthe length of a padding field of the bits of the extension field 724 ofthe L1-post signaling and the bits of the CRC 725 thereof. 0 may beinserted into the padding field. Additionally, the position of thepadding field may be changed.

For example, all of the padding fields may be located at the end ofencoding input, as illustrated in FIG. 8.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the parameterL1_POST_EXT_SIZE is first set to a value including the length of theextension field and the length of the CRC, instead of being set to onlythe length of the extension field, and then transmitted, K_(L1) _(—)_(ext) may be thought of as a value obtained by adding the length of theextension field and N_(crc). In this case, all of the N_(crc)s may bedeleted.

FIG. 9 illustrates information bits that are input to an encoderaccording to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 9, a length of L1 configurable information 921 isK_(L1) _(—) _(conf), a length of L1 dynamic information of the currentframe 922 is K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c), a length of L1 dynamic information ofthe next frame 923 is K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n), a length of an extensionfield 924 is K_(L1) _(—) _(ext), and a length of CRC 925 is N_(crc).

The length K_(L1) _(—) _(conf) of the L1 configurable information 921may be acquired using a parameter L1_POST_CONF_SIZE, or using the numberof PLPs. The length K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c) of the L1 dynamic informationof the current frame 922 may be acquired using a parameterL1_POST_DYN,CURRENT_SIZE, or using the number of PLPs. The length K_(L1)_(—) _(dyn,n) of the L1 dynamic information of the next frame 923 may beacquired using a parameter L1_POST_DYN,NEXT_SIZE, or using the number ofPLPs. The length K_(L1) _(—) _(ext) of the extension field 924 may beacquired using a parameter L1_POST_EXT_SIZE. The length N_(crc) of theCRC 925 may be, e.g., 32. In this case, although a sum of the length ofthe L1 dynamic information of the next frame 923 and the length of theextension field 924 or the length of the CRC may be expressed as oneparameter, it is assumed that the parameters separately exist for theconvenience of description of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 9, L1-post signaling 920 includes a variable number ofbits, which are transmitted through one or more LDPC blocks according tothe length of the L1-post signaling. The LDPC block has the same meaningas a coded block illustrated in FIG. 9.

N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block) corresponding to the number of LDPCblocks for the L1-post signaling 920 is determined using Equation (17)below.

$\begin{matrix}{N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}} = \left\{ \begin{matrix}{If} & {{K_{{post}\; \_ \; {ex}\; \_ \; {pad}} \leq K_{bch}},1} \\{{Otherwise},} & \left\lceil \frac{K_{{post}\; \_ \; {ex}\; \_ \; {pad}}}{K_{bch} - A} \right\rceil\end{matrix} \right.} & (17)\end{matrix}$

In Equation (17), when K_(bch) is greater than or equal to K_(post) _(—)_(ex) _(—) _(pad), N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block) is equal to 1.However, when K_(bch) is less than K_(post) _(—) _(ex) _(—) _(pad),N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block) is

$\left\lceil \frac{K_{{post}\; \_ \; {ex}\; \_ \; {pad}}}{K_{bch} - A} \right\rceil.$

The value of A is a correction factor that causes K_(sig), which is thenumber of information bits in a coded block after the segmentation, tobe less than or equal to the K_(bch), and may be changed according tothe number of types of signaling that are segmented.

For example, when each of the L1 configurable information 921, the L1dynamic information of the current frame 922, the L1 dynamic informationof the next frame 923, and the extension information 924 is segmented,each of the 3 pieces of information is segmented. Accordingly, the valueof A may be 2.

In Equation (17), ┌x┐ signifies the smallest integer equal to or greaterthan x, and the value of K_(bch) represents the number of BCHinformation bits. When concatenating the BCH code with the LDPC code,the number of coded blocks is calculated using a length K_(bch) of inputbits of the BCH code. However, when only an LDPC code is used, thenumber of coded blocks may be calculated using a length K_(ldpc) ofinput bits of an LDPC code, instead of K_(bch).

K_(post) _(—) _(ex) _(—) _(pad) is a value obtained by adding the lengthN_(crc) of the CRC 925 to a sum of parameters L1_POST_CONF_SIZE,L1_POST_DYN,CURRENT_SIZE, L1_POST_DYN,NEXT_SIZE, and L1_POST_EXT_SIZE,which represent the length of the L1 configurable information 921, thelength of the L1 dynamic information of the current frame 922, thelength of the L1 dynamic information of the next frame 923, and thelength of the extension field 924, respectively. Also, K_(post) _(—)_(ex) _(—) _(pad) represents the number of bits of L1-post signaling,excluding L1_PADDING 926 corresponding to a padding field. The lengthN_(crc) of the CRC may be determined based on a maximum length of theL1-post signaling.

K_(L1) _(—) _(PADDING) corresponding to the length of a field namedL1_PADDING 926 may be calculated using Equation (18) below.

K _(L1) _(—) _(PADDING) =K _(L1) _(—) _(conf) _(—) _(PAD) +K _(L1) _(—)_(dyn,c) _(—) _(PAD) +K _(L1) _(—) _(ext) _(—) _(PAD)  (18)

In Equation (18), K_(L1) _(—) _(conf) _(—) _(PAD) of MAD represents thelength of a padding field of L1 configurable information, K_(L1) _(—)_(dyn,c) _(—) _(PAD) represents the length of a padding field of L1dynamic information of the current frame, and K_(L1) _(—) _(ext) _(—)_(PAD) represents the length of a padding field of the extension field924 including the L1 dynamic information of the next frame 923 and theCRC 925. Lengths of L1_CONF_PAD 927, L1_DYN,C_PAD 928 and L_EXT_PAD 930,which are padding fields, may be calculated using Equations (19), (20)and (21), respectively.

$\begin{matrix}{\mspace{79mu} {K_{L\; 1\; \_ \; {conf}\; \_ \; {PAD}} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{L\; 1\; \_ \; {conf}}}{N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}} - K_{L\; 1\; \_ \; {conf}}}}} & (19) \\{\mspace{79mu} {K_{{L\; 1\; \_ \; d\; {yn}},{c\; \_ \; {PAD}}} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{{L\; 1\; \_ \; d\; {yn}},c}}{N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}} - K_{{L\; 1\; \_ \; d\; {yn}},c}}}} & (20) \\{K_{L\; 1\; \_ \; {ext}\; \_ \; {PAD}} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{{L\; 1\; \_ \; d\; {yn}},n} + K_{L\; 1\; \_ \; {ext}} + N_{crc}}{N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}} - \left( {K_{{L\; 1\; \_ \; d\; {yn}},n} + K_{L\; 1\; \_ \; {ext}} + N_{crc}} \right)}} & (21)\end{matrix}$

In Equations (19) to (21), K_(L1) _(—) _(conf), K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c),K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n), and K_(L1) _(—) _(ext) are values that may beacquired using parameters L1_POST_CONF_SIZE, L1_POST_DYN,CURRENT_SIZE,L1_POST_DYN,NEXT_SIZE, and L1_POST_EXT_SIZE, respectively. Theseparameters represent the length of the L1 configurable information 921,the length of the L1 dynamic information of the current frame 922, thelength of the L1 dynamic information of the next frame 923, and thelength of the extension field 924, respectively. N_(crc), whichcorresponds to the number of CRC bits, may be, e.g., 32.

When L1_REPETITION_FLAG, which indicates whether the L1 dynamicinformation of the next frame is used, is set to 0, the length K_(L1)_(—) _(dyn,n) of the L1 dynamic information of the next frame is equalto 0. In this case, a sum of the length of the dynamic information ofthe next frame and the length of the extension field may be expressed asone parameter. For example, (K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n)+K_(L1) _(—) _(ext))may be expressed as K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n,ext), and K_(L1) _(—)_(dyn,n,ext) (L1_POST_DYN,N,EXT_SIZE) may be acquired using theparameters, each representing respective length.

K_(post), which corresponds to the final length of the entire L1-postsignaling including a padding field, may be defined using Equation (22)below.

K _(post) =K _(post) _(—) _(ex) _(—) _(pad) +K _(L1) _(—)_(PADDING)  (22)

K_(sig), which corresponds to the number of information bits in eachN_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block) block, may be defined using Equation(23).

$\begin{matrix}{K_{sig} = \frac{K_{post}}{N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}}} & (23)\end{matrix}$

As illustrated in FIG. 9, in order to obtain better performance, the L1configurable information (configurable L1 post signaling) 921, the L1dynamic information of the current frame (dynamic L1 post signaling forthe current frame) 922, the L1 dynamic information of the next frame(dynamic L1 post signaling for the next frame) 923, and the extensionfield 924 are distributed as uniformly as possible in all FEC blocks.

Specifically, input bits of a first coded block include first L1configurable information (Configurable₁ or Conf_1) 931, first L1 dynamicinformation of the current frame (Dynamic,currentFrame₁ or D,C_1) 932,and a first extension field (Extension₁ or E,C_1) 934. The first L1configurable information 931 includes ┌K_(L1) _(—) _(conf)/N_(post) _(—)_(FEC) _(—) _(Block)┐ bits among bits of the L1 configurable information910. The first L1 dynamic information of the current frame 932 includes┌K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c)/N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block)┐ bits amongbits of the L1 dynamic information of the current frame 922. The firstextension field 934 includes ┌(K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n)+K_(L1) _(—)_(ext)+N_(crc))/N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block)┐ bits among bits ofthe L1 dynamic information of the next frame 923, bits of the extensionfield 924, and bits of the CRC 925. The above construction is performedby an identical method from the first coded block to the (N_(post) _(—)_(FEC) _(—) _(Block)−1)^(th) coded block.

Information bits in the (N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block)−1)^(th)coded block include N^(th) configurable information (Configurable_(N) orConf_N) 939, N^(th) L1 dynamic information of the current frame(Dynamic,currentFrame_(N) or D,C_N) 940, an N^(th) extension field(Extension_(N) or E,C_N) 942, and padding fields, such as L1_CONF_PAD927, L1_DYN,C_PAD 928, and L1_EXT_PAD 930. N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—)_(Block) The N^(th) configurable information 939 includes (┌K_(L1) _(—)_(conf)/N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block)┐−K_(L1) _(—) _(conf) _(—)_(PAD)) bits among bits of the configurable information 910. The N^(th)L1 dynamic information of the current frame 940 includes (┌K_(L1) _(—)_(dyn,c)/N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block)┐−K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c) _(—)_(PAD)) bits among bits of the L1 dynamic information of the currentframe 922. An N^(th) extension field 942 includes (┌(K_(L1) _(—)_(dyn,n)/+K_(L1) _(—) _(ext)+N_(crc))/N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—)_(Block)┐−K_(L1) _(—ext) _(—) _(PAD)) bits among bits of the L1 dynamicinformation of the next frame 923, bits of the extension field 924, andbits of the CRC 925. A 0 may be inserted into the padding field.Additionally, the position of the padding field may be changed. Forexample, the padding fields may be located at the end of encoding input.

In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention,segmentation is performed when the L1 dynamic information of the currentframe 722, the L1 dynamic information of the next frame 723, theextension field 724 and the CRC 725 are considered as one field. In thiscase, information acquired in the previous frame may not be used in thecurrent frame for the L1 dynamic information of the next frame 723, andthe extension field 724 and the CRC 725, and L1-post signaling mayinclude or may not include the L1 dynamic information of the next frame732 and the extension field 724. Accordingly, the L1 dynamic informationof the next frame 723, the extension field 724 and the CRC 725 may beconsidered as one field in order to simplify segmentation, and then thesegmentation may be performed.

In this case, a correction factor A may be equal to 1 in Equation (17).Based on the value of N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block) calculatedusing Equation (17), the length K_(L1) _(—) _(PADDING) of the fieldL1_PADDING 726 may be calculated using Equation (24).

K _(L1) _(—) _(PADDING) =K _(L1) _(—) _(conf) _(—) _(PAD) +K _(L1) _(—)_(ext) _(—) _(PAD)  (24)

In Equation (24), K_(L1) _(—) _(conf) _(—) _(PAD) represents the lengthof a padding field of L1 configurable information, and K_(L1) _(—)_(ext) _(—) _(PAD)

represents the length of a padding field of the extension field 724including the L1 dynamic information of the current frame 722, the L1dynamic information of the next frame 723, and the CRC 725. Lengths ofL1_CONF_PAD and L1_EXT_PAD, which are padding fields, may be calculatedusing Equations (25) and (26), respectively.

$\begin{matrix}{\mspace{79mu} {K_{L\; 1\; \_ \; {conf}\; \_ \; {PAD}} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{L\; 1\_ \; {conf}}}{N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}} - K_{L\; 1\_ \; {conf}}}}} & (25) \\{K_{L\; 1\; \_ \; {ext}\; \_ \; {PAD}} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{{L\; 1\; \_ \; d\; {yn}},c} + K_{{L\; 1\; \_ \; d\; {yn}},n} + K_{L\; 1\; \_ \; {ext}} + N_{crc}}{N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}} - \left( {K_{{L\; 1\; \_ \; d\; {yn}},c} + K_{{L\; 1\; \_ \; d\; {yn}},n} + K_{L\; 1\; \_ \; {ext}} + N_{crc}} \right)}} & (26)\end{matrix}$

In Equations (25) and (26), K_(L1) _(—) _(conf), K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c),K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n), and K_(L1) _(—) _(ext) a are values calculatedusing parameters L1_POST_CONF_SIZE, L1_POST_DYN,CURRENT_SIZE,L1_POST_DYN,NEXT_SIZE, and L1_POST_EXT_SIZE, respectively. Theseparameters represent the length of the L1 configurable information 721,the length of the L1 dynamic information of the current frame 722, thelength of the L1 dynamic information of the next frame 723, and thelength of the extension field 724, respectively. N_(crc), whichcorresponds to the number of CRC bits, may be, e.g., 32.

When L1_REPETITION_FLAG, which indicates whether the L1 dynamicinformation of the next frame is used, is set to 0, the length K_(L1)_(—) _(dyn,n) of the L1 dynamic information of the next frame is equalto 0. In this case, the sum of the length of the dynamic information ofthe current frame, the length of the dynamic information of the nextframe, and the length of the extension field may be expressed as oneparameter.

In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, theL1-post signaling does not include the extension field 724. In thiscase, the value of K_(L1) _(—) _(ext) becomes 0, and only segmented bitsof the CRC field 725 are included in extension fields 734, 738, and 742among the segmented information bits that are input to coded blocks. Inthis case, the number of segmented bits of the CRC field may be verysmall, such that it may be inefficient to first segment the extensionfield 724 and the CRC field 725 and then construct the extension fields734, 738, and 742 from the segmented extension field 724 and thesegmented CRC field 725. Therefore, in this case, it may be moreefficient to segment the CRC field 725 with the L1 dynamic informationof the next frame 723.

Specifically, instead of simultaneously segmenting the extension field724 and the CRC field 725 (because the value of the extension field isequal to 0), the L1 dynamic information of the next frame 723 and theCRC field 725 are simultaneously segmented, and then the first L1dynamic information of the next frame 733, the second L1 dynamicinformation of the next frame 737, and the (N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—)_(Block))^(th) L1 dynamic information of the next frame 741 areconstructed from the segmented L1 dynamic information of the next frame723 and the segmented CRC field 725.

In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, anextension field and the L1 dynamic information of the next frame 723 donot exist. In this case, as described in the above example, the numberof segmented bits of the CRC field may be very small, such thatsegmentation may be inefficient. Therefore, in this case, the CRC field725 is segmented with the L1 dynamic information of the current frame722, and then the first L1 dynamic information of the current frame 731,the second dynamic information of the current frame 735, and the(N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block))^(th) dynamic information of thecurrent frame 739 are constructed from the segmented CRC field 725 andthe segmented L1 dynamic information of the current frame 722.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a method for encoding andtransmitting control information by a transmission apparatus accordingto an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 10, in step 1000, a transmission apparatus determinesL1 signaling information, and generates L1-pre information and L1-postsignaling information. However, because the present invention relates toencoding L1-post signaling information, the following description willnot describe encoding of the L1-pre information.

In step 1002, the transmission apparatus determines the number of bitsof the L1-post signaling information, excluding a padding field. In step1004, the transmission apparatus determines a number of coded blocks tobe used to transmit L1-post signaling bits, based on the number of bitsof the L1-post signaling information, excluding the padding field, andan encoding unit. Herein, the encoding unit is a size based on which anencoder performs encoding at one time, and is also referred to herein as“the number of encoder input information bits”. When BCH encoding isconcatenated with LDPC encoding, the encoding unit is the number ofinformation bits that are permitted to be input to a BCH encoder, andthus, is also referred to as BCH information bits. Also, the number ofbits of the L1-post signaling information excluding the padding field isequal to a sum of the number of bits of L1 configurable information, thenumber of bits of L1 dynamic information of a current frame, the numberof bits of L1 dynamic information of a next frame, and the number ofbits of CRC and an extension field.

In step 1006, the transmission apparatus segments the L1-post signalinginformation according to the determined number of coded blocks. Thesegmentation scheme may use the equations described above.

More specifically, in step 1006, first, a calculation is made of thenumber of padding bits corresponding to a correction factor for each ofmultiple pieces of information (bits of L1 configurable information,bits of L1 dynamic information of the current frame, bits of L1 dynamicinformation of the next frame, and bits of CRC and an extension field).The number all padding bits of the L1-post signaling is obtained byadding the first to fourth calculated numbers of padding bits of themultiple pieces of information.

Thereafter, the number of bits of the L1-post signaling is calculatedusing the number of padding bits of the L1-post signaling and the numberof bits of the L1-post signaling information, excluding the paddingfield. The number of input bits for each coded block may be obtained bydividing the calculated number of bits of the L1-post signaling by thenumber of coded blocks. In other words, encoding is perform by inputtingas many L1-post signaling bits as the obtained number of input bits tothe encoder.

Next, each of the above multiple pieces of information (bits of the L1configurable information, bits of the L1 dynamic information of thecurrent frame, bits of the L1 dynamic information of the next frame, andbits of the CRC and the extension field) are segmented according to thedetermined number of coded blocks, and input bits for code blocks, eachhaving a length corresponding to the obtained number of input bits, areconstructed. In each of the above multiple pieces of information, thenumber of groups of the constructed input bits for code blocks is equalto the determined number of coded blocks.

In step 1008, the transmission apparatus includes the L-post signalinginformation segmented in step 1006 in each of first encoder inputinformation bits to (N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block))^(th) encoderinput information bits. In step 1010, the transmitter encodes the firstencoder input information bits to the (N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—)_(Block))^(th) encoder input information bits, and then transmits afirst coded block to an (N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block))^(th) codedblock to a receiver.

In step 1012, after the transmission apparatus transmits the number ofbits of the L1-post signaling information, the number of coded blocks,or the number of PLPs to the reception apparatus, it moves to the nextframe in step 1014, and repeats steps 1000 to step 1012 for the nextframe.

In FIG. 10, although step 1012 has been described as being performedafter step 1010 is performed, step 1012 may be performed before step1010. Also, although the transmission apparatus has been described astransmitting the number of bits of the L1-post signaling information,the number of coded blocks, or the number of PLPs to the receptionapparatus in step 1012, the transmission apparatus may transmit all ofthe information, or it may transmit only some (e.g., the number of PLPs)of the information.

For example, in a broadcasting/communication system according to anembodiment of the present invention, when the transmission apparatustransmits the number of bits of the L1-post signaling information andinformation on a signaling code (an LDPC codeword length and a coderate) without transmitting the number of coded blocks, the receptionapparatus may estimate the number of coded blocks by using thisinformation.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a method for receiving controlinformation by a reception apparatus according to an embodiment of thepresent invention.

Referring to FIG. 1I, in step 1100, the reception apparatus receives theL1 signaling information of the current frame. In step 1102, thereception apparatus acquires at least one of the number of bits of theL1-post signaling information, the number of coded blocks, and thenumber of PLPs, which are transmitted in the current frame. Herein, thereception apparatus may receive the number of bits of the L1-postsignaling information or the number of coded blocks from thetransmission apparatus, or may use previously-determined information.This option may be changed according to a user of a system. In addition,although L1-pre information is also received in step 1100, the presentinvention is directed to L1-post signaling information, and L1-preinformation is processed by a scheme performed by abroadcasting/communication system to which the present invention isapplied. Therefore, a more detailed description of the L1-preinformation will be omitted.

In step 1104, the reception apparatus decodes the received coded blocks.In step 1106, the reception apparatus extracts segmented L1-postsignaling information bits included in each of the decoded coded blocks,and in step 1008, the reception apparatus reassembles the L1-postsignaling information bits extracted in step 1106 in order to return toa state before being segmented.

In step 1110, the reception apparatus receives data using the L1-postsignaling information bits reassembled in step 1108 and L1 signalinginformation other than the L1-post signaling information received instep 1100.

In step 1112, the reception apparatus moves to the next frame, andrepeats the operation in steps 1100 to 1110 for the next frame.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating a transmission apparatus 1200according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 12, an L1 signaling information generator 1202generates L1 signaling information of a current frame. Specifically, theL1 signaling information generator 1202 generates L1-pre information andL1-post signaling information, and outputs the generated L1-preinformation and the generated L1-post signaling information to anencoder 1204. However, because the present invention relates to encodingof L1-post signaling information, and L1-pre information is encoded bythe broadcasting/communication system to which the present invention isapplied, the L1-pre information will not be described in more detailherein.

A controller 1206 determines the number of bits of the L1-post signalinginformation, excluding a padding field, generated by the L1 signalinginformation generator 1202. The controller 1206 determines a number ofcoded blocks to be used to transmit L1-post signaling bits based on thedetermined number of bits of the L1-post signaling information,excluding the padding field and an encoding unit. Also, the controller1206 may determine the number of PLPs.

When the controller 1206 determines the number of coded blocks, itsegments the L1-post signaling information according to the determinednumber of coded blocks. Further, when the encoder 1204 includes aninterleaver, the controller 1206 controls the interleaver to segment theL1-post signaling information. Otherwise, the controller 1206 maycontrol the L1 signaling information generator 1202 to segment theL-post signaling information. The segmentation scheme may use theabove-described equations.

More specifically, the controller 1206 first calculates the number ofpadding bits corresponding to a correction factor for each of multiplepieces of information (bits of L1 configurable information, bits of L1dynamic information of the current frame, bits of L1 dynamic informationof the next frame, and bits of CRC and an extension field). Thecontroller then obtains the number of all padding bits of the L1-postsignaling by adding the first to fourth calculated numbers of paddingbits of the multiple pieces of information. The controller calculatesthe number of all bits of the L1-post signaling using the obtainednumber of padding bits of the L1-post signaling and the number of bitsof the L1-post signaling information, excluding the determined paddingfield. The number of input bits required per coded block may be obtainedby dividing the calculated number of bits of the L1-post signaling bythe determined number of coded blocks. In other words, encoding isperform by inputting as many L1-post signaling bits as the obtainednumber of input bits to the encoder.

The controller performs a control operation to segment the multiplepieces of information (bits of the L1 configurable information, bits ofthe L1 dynamic information of the current frame, bits of the L1 dynamicinformation of the next frame, and bits of the CRC and the extensionfield) according to the determined number of coded blocks, and toconstruct input bits for code blocks, each having a length correspondingto the obtained number of input bits. The number of groups of theconstructed input bits for code blocks is equal to the determined numberof coded blocks.

The controller 1206 controls the encoder 1204 or the L1 signalinginformation generator 1202 to include the segmented L1-post signalinginformation in each of first encoder input information bits to (N_(post)_(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block))^(th) encoder input information bits. Theencoder 1204 first encodes the first encoder input information bits tothe (N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block))^(th) encoder input informationbits, and then outputs a first coded block to an (N_(post) _(—) _(FEC)_(—) _(Block))^(th) coded block to a transmitter 1208. The transmitter1208 transmits the coded blocks to a reception apparatus on aframe-by-frame basis according to the control of the controller 1206.Additionally, the transmitter 1208 may transmit the number of PLPs,which has been determined by the controller 1206, to the receptionapparatus.

FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating a reception apparatus 1300according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 13, a receiver 1302 receives the L1 signalinginformation of the current frame, and outputs the received L1 signalinginformation of the current frame to a decoder 1304. Also, the receiver1302 receives at least one of the number of bits of the L1-postsignaling information, the number of coded blocks, and the number ofPLPs, which are transmitted in the current frame, and outputs thereceived data to a controller 1306. Herein, the controller 1306 mayreceive the number of bits of the L1-post signaling information, thenumber of coded blocks, or the number of PLPs from the transmissionapparatus, or may use previously-determined information. This option maybe changed according to a user of a system. In addition, although thereceiver 1302 also receives L1-pre information, because the presentinvention is directed to L1-post signaling information, and L1-preinformation is processed by a scheme performed by abroadcasting/communication system to which the present invention isapplied, a more detailed description of the L1-pre information will beomitted.

The decoder 1304 decodes the received coded blocks.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller 1306performs a control operation for extracting segmented L1-post signalinginformation bits included in each of the decoded coded blocks. Areassembler 1308 reassembles the L1-post signaling information bitsextracted according to the control of the controller 1306, in order toreturn to a state before being segmented. Namely, the controller 1306calculates a segmentation value by using one of one of the number ofbits of the L1-post signaling information, the number of coded blocksand the number of PLPs, and notifies the calculated segmentation valueto the reassembler 1308. Accordingly, the controller 1306 enables therestoration of the original L1-post signaling information by reverselyperforming the process performed by the transmission apparatus.

The controller 1306 controls the receiver 1302 to receive data using thereassembled L1-post signaling information bits and L1 signalinginformation other than the L1-post signaling information.

As described above, although L1 configurable information and L1 dynamicinformation are referred to as “L1-post signaling information,” thisdesignation is a term used when the present invention is applied toDVB-T2 (Digital Video Broadcasting Terrestrial 2). Accordingly, when thepresent invention is applied to DVB-C2 (Digital Video Broadcasting Cable2), the L1 configurable information and the L1 dynamic information mayalso be referred to as “part II signaling information.”

Additionally, the above-described embodiments of the present inventionmay also be implemented as codes, which can be recorded by a computer,in a non-transitory computer-recordable recording medium.

For example, the computer-recordable recording medium may be an optionaldata storage device, which can store data that can be read by a computersystem.

Examples of non-transitory computer-recordable recording mediums includea Read Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Compact Disk(CD), a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, and an optical data storagedevice. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.

According to the above-described embodiments of the present invention, atransmitter encodes control information to efficiently change thecontrol information, such that a receiver can improve decodingperformance.

While the present invention has been shown and described with referenceto certain embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilledin the art that various changes in form and details may be made thereinwithout departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore,the spirit and scope of the present invention is not limited to thedescribed embodiments thereof, but is defined by the appended claims andtheir equivalents.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for transmitting signaling informationby a transmitter in a broadcasting/communication system, the methodcomprising: generating the signaling information which comprises aplurality of pieces; determining a number of coded blocks to which thesignaling information is to be encoded, based on a number of bits of thesignaling information; segmenting each piece of the signalinginformation based on the number of the coded blocks; constructing inputinformation bits of each coded block to include segmented parts of eachpiece of the signaling information; encoding the input information bitsto each coded block; and transmitting each coded block.
 2. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the signaling information includes layer 1 (L1)configurable information and L1 dynamic information.
 3. The method ofclaim 2, wherein the L1 dynamic information includes L1 dynamicinformation of a current frame and L1 dynamic information of a nextframe.
 4. The method of claim 2, wherein the signaling informationfurther includes at least one of an extension field, a Cyclic RedundancyCheck (CRC) field, and a padding field.
 5. The method of claim 4,wherein a length of the padding field is defined by:K _(L1) _(—) _(PADDING) =K _(L1) _(—) _(conf) _(—) _(PAD) +K _(L1)_(—dyn,c) _(—) _(PAD) +K _(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) _(—) _(PAD) +K _(L1) _(—)_(ext) _(—) _(PAD), wherein K_(L1) _(—) _(PADDING) represents the lengthof the padding field, K_(L1) _(—) _(conf) _(—) _(PAD) represents alength of a padding field of the L1 configurable information, K_(L1)_(—) _(dyn,c) _(—) _(PAD) represents a length of a padding field of L1dynamic information of a current frame, K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) _(—) _(PAD)represents a length of a padding field of L1 dynamic information of anext frame, and K_(L1) _(—) _(ext) _(—) _(PAD) represents a length of apadding field of the extension field including the CRC.
 6. The method ofclaim 5, wherein K_(L1) _(—) _(conf) _(—) _(PAD), is defined by:${K_{L\; 1\; \_ \; {conf}\; \_ \; {PAD}} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{L\; 1\_ \; {conf}}}{N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}} - K_{L\; 1\_ \; {conf}}}},$wherein K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c) _(—) _(PAD) is defined by:${K_{{L\; 1\; \_ \; d\; {yn}},{c\; \_ \; {PAD}}} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{{L\; 1\; \_ \; d\; {yn}},c}}{N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}} - K_{{L\; 1\; \_ \; d\; {yn}},c}}},$wherein K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) _(—) _(PAD) is defined by:${K_{{L\; 1\; \_ \; d\; {yn}},{n\; \_ \; {PAD}}} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{{L\; 1\; \_ \; d\; {yn}},n}}{N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}} - K_{{L\; 1\; \_ \; d\; {yn}},n}}},$and wherein K_(L1) _(—) _(ext) _(—) _(PAD) is defined by:${K_{L\; 1\; \_ \; {ext}\; \_ \; {PAD}} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{L\; 1\; \_ \; {ext}} + N_{crc}}{N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}} - \left( {K_{L\; 1\; \_ \; {ext}} + N_{crc}} \right)}},$wherein K_(L1) _(—) _(conf) represents a length of the L1 configurableinformation, K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c) represents a length of the L1 dynamicinformation of the current frame, K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) represents alength of the L1 dynamic information of the next frame, K_(L1) _(—)_(ext) represents a length of the extension field, N_(crc) represents alength of the CRC field, and N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block)represents the number of coded blocks.
 7. The method of claim 1, whereinthe number of the coded blocks is defined by:$N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}{If} & {{K_{{post}\; \_ \; {ex}\; \_ \; {pad}} \leq K_{bch}},1} \\{{Otherwise},} & \left\lceil \frac{K_{{post}\; \_ \; {ex}\; \_ \; {pad}}}{K_{bch} - A} \right\rceil\end{matrix},} \right.$ wherein N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block)represents the number of coded blocks, K_(post) _(—) _(ex) _(—) _(pad)represents a number of signaling bits, excluding a padding field,K_(bch) corresponds to the encoding unit and represents a number of bitsthat an encoder encodes at one time unit, K_(bch) represents a number ofbose chaudhuri hocquenghem (BCH) information bits that are permitted tobe input to a BCH encoder, when BCH encoding is concatenated with a lowdensity parity check (LDPC) encoding, and A represents a correctionfactor.
 8. The method of claim 1, wherein a length of the inputinformation bits of each coded block is defined by:${K_{sig} = \frac{K_{post}}{N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}}},$wherein K_(sig) represents the length of the input information bits ofeach coded block, N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block) represents thenumber of coded blocks, and K_(post) is defined by:K _(post) =K _(post) _(—) _(ex) _(—) _(pad) +K _(L1) _(—) _(PADDING),wherein K_(post) _(—) _(ex) _(—) _(pad) represents a number of signalingbits excluding a padding field, and K_(L1) _(—) _(PADDING) represents alength of the padding field.
 9. An apparatus for transmitting signalinginformation in a broadcasting/communication system, the apparatuscomprising: a layer 1 (L1) signaling information generator forgenerating the signaling information which comprises a plurality pieces;a controller for determining a number of coded blocks to which thesignaling information is to be encoded, based on a number of bits of thesignaling information; an encoder for segmenting each piece of thesignaling information based on the number of the coded blocks,constructing input information bits of each coded block to includesegmented parts of each piece of the signaling information, and encodingthe input information bits to each coded block; and a transmitter fortransmitting each encoded block.
 10. The apparatus of claim 9, whereinthe signaling information comprises L1 configurable information and L1dynamic information.
 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the L1dynamic information comprises L1 dynamic information of a current frameand L1 dynamic information of a next frame.
 12. The apparatus of claim10, wherein the signaling information further comprises at least one ofan extension field, a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) field, and a paddingfield.
 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein a length of the paddingfield is defined by:K _(L1) _(—) _(PADDING) =K _(L1) _(—) _(conf) _(—) _(PAD) +K _(L1) _(—)_(dyn,c) _(—) _(PAD) +K _(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) _(—) _(PAD) +K _(L1) _(—)_(ext) _(—) _(PAD), wherein K_(L1) _(—) _(PADDING) represents the lengthof the padding field, K_(L1) _(—) _(conf) _(—) _(PAD) represents alength of a padding field of the L1 configurable information, K_(L1)_(—) _(dyn,c) _(—) _(PAD) represents a length of a padding field of L1dynamic information of a current frame, K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) _(—) _(PAD)represents a length of a padding field of L1 dynamic information of anext frame, and K_(L1) _(—) _(ext) _(—) _(PAD) represents a length of apadding field of the extension field including the CRC.
 14. Theapparatus of claim 13, wherein K_(L1) _(—) _(conf) _(—) _(PAD), isdefined by:${K_{L\; 1\; \_ \; {conf}\; \_ \; {PAD}} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{L\; 1\_ \; {conf}}}{N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}} - K_{L\; 1\_ \; {conf}}}},$wherein K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c) _(—) _(PAD) is defined by:${K_{{L\; 1\; \_ \; d\; {yn}},{c\; \_ \; {PAD}}} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{{L\; 1\; \_ \; d\; {yn}},c}}{N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}} - K_{{L\; 1\; \_ \; d\; {yn}},c}}},$wherein K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) _(—) _(PAD) is defined by:${K_{{L\; 1\; \_ \; d\; {yn}},{n\; \_ \; {PAD}}} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{{L\; 1\; \_ \; d\; {yn}},n}}{N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{post}\; \_ \; {FEC}\; \_ \; {Block}}} - K_{{L\; 1\; \_ \; d\; {yn}},n}}},$and wherein K_(L1) _(—) _(ext) _(—) _(PAD) is defined by:${K_{L\; 1{\_ {ext}}{\_ {PAD}}} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{L\; 1{\_ {ext}}} + N_{crc}}{N_{{{post}\_ {FEC}}{\_ {Block}}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{{post}\_ {FEC}}{\_ {Block}}}} - \left( {K_{L\; 1{\_ {ext}}} + N_{crc}} \right)}},$wherein K_(L1) _(—) _(conf) represents a length of the L1 configurableinformation, K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c) represents a length of the L1 dynamicinformation of the current frame, K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) represents alength of the L1 dynamic information of the next frame, K_(L1) _(—)_(ext) represents a length of the extension field, N_(crc) represents alength of the CRC field, and N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block)represents the number of coded blocks.
 15. The apparatus of claim 9,wherein the controller determines the number of the coded blocksaccording to:$N_{{{post}\_ {FEC}}{\_ {Block}}} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}{{{{If}\mspace{14mu} K_{{{post}\_ {ex}}{\_ {pad}}}} \leq K_{bch}},} & 1 \\{{Otherwise},} & \left\lceil \frac{K_{{{post}\_ {ex}}{\_ {pad}}}}{K_{bch} - A} \right\rceil\end{matrix},} \right.$ wherein N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block)represents the number of coded blocks, N_(post) _(—) _(ex) _(—) _(pad)represents the number of signaling bits excluding a padding field,K_(bch) corresponds to an encoding unit and represents the number ofbits that an encoder encodes at one time, K_(bch) represents the numberof bose chaudhuri hocquenghem (BCH) information bits which are permittedto be input to a BCH encoder when BCH encoding concatenated with a lowdensity parity check (LDPC) encoding is performed, and A represents acorrection factor.
 16. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein a length of theinput information bits of each coded block defined by:${K_{sig} = \frac{K_{post}}{N_{{{post}\_ {FEC}}{\_ {Block}}}}},$wherein K_(sig) represents the length of the input information bits ofeach coded block, N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block) represents thenumber of coded blocks, and K_(post) is defined by:K _(post) =K _(post) _(—) _(ex) _(—) _(pad) +K _(L1) _(—) _(PADDING),wherein K_(post) _(—) _(ex) _(—) _(pad) represents a number of signalingbits excluding a padding field, and K_(L1) _(—) _(PADDING) represents alength of the padding field.
 17. A method for receiving signalinginformation by a receiver in a broadcasting/communication system, themethod comprising: receiving coded blocks of the signaling information,wherein a number of the coded blocks is determined based on a number ofbits of the signaling information, wherein each piece of the signalinginformation is segmented based on the number of the coded blocks;acquiring the number of bits of the signaling information or the numberof the coded blocks of the signaling information; decoding the codedblocks; and restoring each piece of the signaling information usingsegmented parts of each piece of signaling information bits included inthe decoded coded blocks.
 18. The method of claim 17, wherein thesignaling information comprises layer 1 (L1) configurable informationand L1 dynamic information.
 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the L1dynamic information includes L1 dynamic information of a current frameand L1 dynamic information of a next frame.
 20. The method of claim 18,wherein the signaling information further includes at least one of anextension field, a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) field, and a paddingfield.
 21. The method of claim 20, wherein a length of the padding fieldis defined by:K _(L1) _(—) _(PADDING) =K _(L1) _(—) _(conf) _(—) _(PAD) +K _(L1) _(—)_(dyn,c) _(—) _(PAD) +K _(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) _(—) _(PAD) +K _(L1) _(—)_(ext) _(—) _(PAD), wherein K_(L1) _(—) _(PADDING) represents the lengthof the padding field, K_(L1) _(—) _(conf) _(—) _(PAD) represents alength of a padding field of the L1 configurable information, K_(L1)_(—) _(dyn,c) _(—) _(PAD) represents a length of a padding field of L1dynamic information of a current frame, K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) _(—) _(PAD)represents a length of a padding field of L1 dynamic information of anext frame, and K_(L1) _(—) _(ext) _(—) _(PAD) represents a length of apadding field of the extension field including the CRC.
 22. The methodof claim 21, wherein K_(L1) _(—) _(conf) _(—) _(PAD), is defined by:${K_{L\; 1{\_ {conf}}{\_ {PAD}}} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{L\; 1{\_ {conf}}}}{N_{{{post}\_ {FEC}}{\_ {Block}}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{{post}\_ {FEC}}{\_ {Block}}}} - K_{L\; 1{\_ {conf}}}}},$wherein K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c) _(—) _(PAD) is defined by:${K_{{L\; 1{\_ {dyn}}},{c\_ {PAD}}} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{{L\; 1{\_ {dyn}}},c}}{N_{{{post}\_ {FEC}}{\_ {Block}}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{{post}\_ {FEC}}{\_ {Block}}}} - K_{{L\; 1{\_ {dyn}}},c}}},$wherein K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) _(—) _(PAD) is defined by:${K_{{L\; 1{\_ {dyn}}},{c\_ {PAD}}} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{{L\; 1{\_ {dyn}}},n}}{N_{{{post}\_ {FEC}}{\_ {Block}}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{{post}\_ {FEC}}{\_ {Block}}}} - K_{{L\; 1{\_ {dyn}}},n}}},$and wherein K_(L1) _(—) _(ext) _(—) _(PAD) is defined by:${K_{L\; 1{\_ {ext}}{\_ {PAD}}} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{L\; 1{\_ {ext}}} + N_{crc}}{N_{{{post}\_ {FEC}}{\_ {Block}}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{{post}\_ {FEC}}{\_ {Block}}}} - \left( {K_{L\; 1{\_ {ext}}} + N_{crc}} \right)}},$wherein K_(L1) _(—) _(conf) represents a length of the L1 configurableinformation, K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c) represents a length of the L1 dynamicinformation of the current frame, K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) represents alength of the L1 dynamic information of the next frame, K_(L1) _(—)_(ext) represents a length of the extension field, N_(crc) represents alength of the CRC field, and N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block)represents the number of coded blocks.
 23. The method as claimed inclaim 17, wherein, in acquiring of the number of the coded blocks of thesignaling information, the number of the coded blocks is defined by:$N_{{{post}\_ {FEC}}{\_ {Block}}} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}{{{{If}\mspace{14mu} K_{{{post}\_ {ex}}{\_ {pad}}}} \leq K_{bch}},} & 1 \\{{Otherwise},} & \left\lceil \frac{K_{{{post}\_ {ex}}{\_ {pad}}}}{K_{bch} - A} \right\rceil\end{matrix},} \right.$ wherein N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block)represents the number of coded blocks, K_(post) _(—) _(ex) _(—) _(pad)represents the number of signaling bits excluding a padding field,K_(bch) corresponds to an encoding unit and represents the number ofbits that an encoder encodes at one time, K_(bch) represents the numberof bose chaudhuri hocquenghem (BCH) information bits which are permittedto be input to a BCH encoder when BCH encoding concatenated with a lowdensity parity check (LDPC) encoding is performed, and A represents acorrection factor.
 24. The method of claim 17, wherein a length ofsegmented signaling information of each coded block is defined by:${K_{sig} = \frac{K_{post}}{N_{{{post}\_ {FEC}}{\_ {Block}}}}},$wherein K_(sig) represents the length of the input information bits ofeach coded block, N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block) represents thenumber of coded blocks, and K_(post) is defined by:K _(post) =K _(post) _(—) _(ex) _(—) _(pad) +K _(L1) _(—) _(PADDING),wherein N_(post) _(—) _(ex) _(—) _(pad) represents a number of signalingbits excluding a padding field, and K_(L1) _(—) _(PADDING) represents alength of the padding field.
 25. An apparatus for receiving signalinginformation in a broadcasting/communication system, the apparatuscomprising: a receiver for receiving coded blocks of the signalinginformation, wherein a number of the coded blocks is determined based ona number of bits of the signaling information, wherein each piece of thesignaling information is segmented based on the number of the codedblocks; a decoder for decoding the coded blocks; and a controller foracquiring the number of bits of the signaling information or the numberof the coded blocks of the signaling information, and restoring eachpiece of the signaling information using segmented parts of each pieceof signaling information bits included in the decoded coded blocks. 26.The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the signaling information compriseslayer 1 (L1) configurable information and L1 dynamic information. 27.The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the L1 dynamic information comprisesL1 dynamic information of a current frame and L1 dynamic information ofa next frame.
 28. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the signalinginformation further comprises at least one of an extension field, aCyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) field, and a padding field.
 29. Theapparatus of claim 28, wherein a length of the padding field is definedby:K _(L1) _(—) _(PADDING) =K _(L1) _(—) _(conf) _(—) _(PAD) +K _(L1) _(—)_(dyn,c) _(—) _(PAD) +K _(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) _(—) _(PAD) +K _(L1) _(—)_(ext) _(—) _(PAD), wherein K_(L1) _(—) _(PADDING) represents the lengthof the padding field, K_(L1) _(—) _(conf) _(—) _(PAD) represents alength of a padding field of the L1 configurable information, K_(L1)_(—) _(dyn,c) _(—) _(PAD) represents a length of a padding field of L1dynamic information of a current frame, K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) _(—) _(PAD)represents a length of a padding field of L1 dynamic information of anext frame, and K_(L1) _(—) _(ext) _(—) _(PAD) represents a length of apadding field of the extension field including the CRC.
 30. Theapparatus of claim 29, wherein K_(L1) _(—) _(conf) _(—) _(PAD), isdefined by:${K_{L\; 1{\_ {conf}}{\_ {PAD}}} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{L\; 1{\_ {conf}}}}{N_{{{post}\_ {FEC}}{\_ {Block}}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{{post}\_ {FEC}}{\_ {Block}}}} - K_{L\; 1{\_ {conf}}}}},$wherein K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c) _(—) _(PAD) is defined by:${K_{{L\; 1{\_ {dyn}}},{c\_ {PAD}}} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{{L\; 1{\_ {dyn}}},c}}{N_{{{post}\_ {FEC}}{\_ {Block}}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{{post}\_ {FEC}}{\_ {Block}}}} - K_{{L\; 1{\_ {dyn}}},c}}},$wherein K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) _(—) _(PAD) is defined by:${K_{{L\; 1{\_ {dyn}}},{c\_ {PAD}}} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{{L\; 1{\_ {dyn}}},n}}{N_{{{post}\_ {FEC}}{\_ {Block}}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{{post}\_ {FEC}}{\_ {Block}}}} - K_{{L\; 1{\_ {dyn}}},c}}},$and wherein K_(L1) _(—) _(ext) _(—) _(PAD) is defined by:${K_{L\; 1{\_ {ext}}{\_ {PAD}}} = {{\left\lceil \frac{K_{L\; 1{\_ {ext}}} + N_{crc}}{N_{{{post}\_ {FEC}}{\_ {Block}}}} \right\rceil \times N_{{{post}\_ {FEC}}{\_ {Block}}}} - \left( {K_{L\; 1{\_ {ext}}} + N_{crc}} \right)}},$wherein K_(L1) _(—) _(conf) represents a length of the L1 configurableinformation, K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,c) represents a length of the L1 dynamicinformation of the current frame, K_(L1) _(—) _(dyn,n) represents alength of the L1 dynamic information of the next frame, K_(L1) _(—)_(ext) represents a length of the extension field, N_(crc) represents alength of the CRC field, and N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block)represents the number of coded blocks.
 31. The apparatus as claimed inclaim 25, wherein the controller acquires the number of the coded blocksaccording to:$N_{{{post}\_ {FEC}}{\_ {Block}}} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}{{{{If}\mspace{14mu} K_{{{post}\_ {ex}}{\_ {pad}}}} \leq K_{bch}},} & 1 \\{{Otherwise},} & \left\lceil \frac{K_{{{post}\_ {ex}}{\_ {pad}}}}{K_{bch} - A} \right\rceil\end{matrix},} \right.$ wherein N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block)represents the number of coded blocks, K_(post) _(—) _(ex) _(—) _(pad)represents the number of signaling bits excluding a padding field,K_(bch) corresponds to an encoding unit and represents the number ofbits that an encoder encodes at one time, K_(bch) represents the numberof bose chaudhuri hocquenghem (BCH) information bits which are permittedto be input to a BCH encoder when BCH encoding concatenated with a lowdensity parity check (LDPC) encoding is performed, and A represents acorrection factor.
 32. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein a length ofsegmented signaling information of each coded block is defined by:${K_{sig} = \frac{K_{post}}{N_{{{post}\_ {FEC}}{\_ {Block}}}}},$wherein K_(sig) represents the length of the input information bits ofeach coded block, N_(post) _(—) _(FEC) _(—) _(Block) represents thenumber of coded blocks, and K_(post) is defined by:K _(post) =K _(post) _(—) _(ex) _(—) _(pad) +K _(L1) _(—) _(PADDING),wherein K_(post) _(—) _(ex) _(—) _(pad) represents a number of signalingbits excluding a padding field, and K_(L1) _(—) _(PADDING) represents alength of the padding field.